Aerial vessel



A. AND J. DEAK.

AERIAL VESSEL. APPLICATION FILED MAY 3. I918.

Patented J an. 6, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

' //V l/E N TORS A/exanderfleak weep 0841' WITNESSES A TTORNEYS A. AND J. DEAK.

AERIAL VESSEL.

APPLICATION FILED MAY3, I918.

Patented Jan. 6, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES INVENTORS A Aswander fiaalv ATTORNEYS UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

ALEXANDER DEAK AND JOSEPH DEAK, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

' AERIAL VESSEL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 6, 1920.

Application'flled May a, 1918. seriai'maa'aavz.

To all .wkomit may concern;

Be it known that we, ALEXANDER DEAK and JOSEPH DEAK, both citizens of the motor stops.

- which similar characters. of reference indi- "(late corresponding parts in all the vlews.

ing pro eller 16 disposed at the front end United States, and residents of the city of New York, borough ofBrooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and Im roved Aerial Vessel, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates, to aeroplanes and similar aerial vessels, and'its object is to provide certain new and useful improvements in aerial vessels whereby sudden A practical embodiment of theinvention is represented in the accompanying draw-" ings forming a part of this specification in Figure l is a' side elevation of the improved aeroplane, parts being shown n section;

Fig. 2 is a plan. view of the same; and

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a modified form of the aeroplane with the sustaining planes in vertical position. v

In the body 10 of the aeroplane is mounted the usual motor 11 havin amotor shaft 12 adapted to be connected y a' clutch member 13 witha clutch member 14 secured on a propeller shaft 15 carrying the usual drivof the ody 10. The aeroplane shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is provided with upper and lower sustaining planes 20 and 21, of which .the upper sustaining plane on each side of the body 10 is made in two sections or parts 22 and 23 attached to shafts 24, 2b ]ournaled in suitable standards 26, 27 mounted on or forming part of the body 10. The lower sustaining plane 21 on each side of the body 10 is likewise made'in two sections or parts 30 and 31 attached to shafts 32, 33 journaled in standards 34, 35 attached to or forming part of the body 10.

-in Fi s. land 2.

Normally the inner ends of the sections 22,

23 and those of the sections 30 and'31' meet to form an approximately horizontal sustaining plane, but the said sections'may be swung into an approximately .vertical position, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1, to prevent the aeroplane from capsizing in case the motor stops and to balance the aeroplane in case of r a rapid descent.

The sections 2223 and 30, 31 are under the control of the pilot of the aeroplane, and

for this purpose the shafts 24, 32 and 25, 33

are provided with pulleys 40, 41 connected by belts 42, 43 with pulleys 44, 45 secured on a shaft 46 journaled on the body 10 and provided with a lever,;47 within reachand under the control of the pilot to permit the latter to swing the sustaining lane sections 22,23, 30, 31 from normal orizontal position into vertical position for t'hepurpose previously explained.

. A distance above the upper sustaining plane 20 is arranged a horizontally disposed safety propeller having its vertical shaft 51 ournaIed in suitable bearings arranged on the body 10. The axis of the safety pro-L peller 50 is approximately at the center of gravity of 'the aeroplane, and this propeller is provided with more than two wings, preferably; four wings. for instance, as shown and. t e propeller wheel 16, ceases to rotate and the aeroplane begins to drop then the safety propeller 50 begins to---rotate thus tending to sustain the aeroplane in the air n case'the motor 11 stops or, at least, to check its rapid descent to per- 'mit. the making of a safe landing.

In order to-facilitate the making of a safe landing the rotary motion of the safety propeller 50 is transmitted to the driving propeller lG, and for this purpose the following arrangement is made: F or the purpose mentioned, the shaft 51 is provided with a bevel gear wheel 66in mesh with a bevel gearv Wheel 61 provided with a sprocket wheel 62' connected by a sprocket chain 63 with sprocket wheel 64 secured on a shaft 65 an ranged Within the body 10. On the shaft 65 is secured a clutch member 66 adapted to engage a clutch member 67 loose on the shaft 65 and provided with a sprocket wheel 68 connected by a sprocket'chain 69 with a sprocket wheel 7 0' attached to or forming part of the clutch member 14 loose on the shaft 15. The clutch member 13 is normally in engagement with the clutch member 14 and is mounted to turn with and to slide on the motor shaft 12, and the clutch member 66 is likewise mounted to turn with and to slide on the shaft 65 while the clutch 'member 67 is loose on the said shaft. The clutch members 13 and 66 are engaged by shifting forks 80 and 81 attached to a shaft 82 provided with a handle 83 connected by a link 84 with a lever 85 within reach and under the control of the pilot. Thusby the pilot manipulating the lever 85 a rocking motion can be given to the shaft 82 which by the shifting forks 80 and 81 throws the clutch member 13 out of engagement with the clutclrmember 14 and throws the clutch member 66 into engagement.with the clutch member 67 so that the motor shaft 12 of the motor 11 is disconnected from the propeller shaft 15 while the latter is connected with the shafts 65 and 51 by the connection described to cause the rotation of the safety propeller 50 to be transmitted to the driving propeller 16.

From the foregoing it will be seen that by the arrangement described the pilot can readily connect the safety propeller 50 with the driving propeller 16'at the time the motor 11 comes toa stop to drive the propeller 16 from the propeller 50 which latter is caused to rotate owing to the dropping of the aeroplane after the motor stops. It will be noticed that when both propellers 50 and 16 rotate in unison the aeroplane is not liable to-drop straight down but glides down along an inclined path to insure a safe landing. When the motor 11 comes to a stop through accident or otherwise, the pilot can swing the sections 22, 23, 30 and 31 of the sustaining planes 20 and 21 into vertical positions thus preventingthe aeroplane from capsizing and mainiaining the aeroplane in the proper bal ance o insure a safe landing.

Instead of making each sustaining plane '20 and 21 in sections, the top sustaining bearings arranged on standards 110' at-' tached to or forming part of the body 102. The shafts 105 and 107 are connected by pulleys 111 and 112 and belts 113 and 114 with pulleys 115 on the shaft 116 journaled on the body 102 and under the control of the pilot, the same as the shaft 46 previously mentioned. The shafts 106 and 108 are simi larly connected by pulleys 120, 121 and crossed belts 122 and 123 with pulleys on the shaft 116 and similar to the pulleys 115. Thus by the pilot turning the shaft 116 the sustaining planes 100, 101, 103 and 104 can be readily swung from their normal horizontal position into vertical position for the purpose above described in reference to the aeroplane-shown in Figs. 1 and 2. It is understood that the aeroplane shown in Fig. 3 is provided with the driving propeller 50, the same as above mentioned. so that further description of the action of these two propellers one relative to the other is not deemed necessary.

It will be noticed that the pilot can readily set the sustaining planes into desired angular positions, that is, more or less inclined relative to the extreme horizontal to vertical positions. By setting the sus taining planes into angular positions the resistance of the planes to the air is such thatthe aeroplane is not liable to take a header, turn turtle, or take a zigzag down course, and the turning of both the safety propeller and the driving propeller prevents a sudden drop of the aeroplane and the pilot is enabled to effect a safe landing in case the motor is damaged and comes to a standstill while the aeroplane is up in the air.

Having thus described our invention, we claim as newand desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In an aerial vessel, a motor, a driving propeller, a clutch between the propeller and motor shafts, a safety propeller di sposed horizontally and having its axis a proximately at the center of gravity of tffe vessel, a horizontal shaft having one end geared with the safety propeller shaft, a clutch on the horizontal shaft, gearing between members of the said clutches, and

means under the control of the operator for alternately throwing the said clutches into and out of engagement. 1

2. In an aerial vessel, a motor, a driving propeller, a clutch between the propeller and motor shafts, a safety propeller having its axis disposed approximatel at the centerof gravity of the vessel, a orizontal shaft geared with the safety propeller shaft, a

clutch on the horizontal shaft gearing between members ofthe clutches, a lever pivoted intermediate of its ends and engaging the slidable members of clutches, and means for operating the lever.

3. In an aerial vessel, a motor, a driving propeller, a clutch between the propeller and motor shafts, a safetypropeller on a vertical shaft, a shaft geared with the. shaft of the safety propeller, a second horizontal shaft having one end geared with the first horizontal shaft, gearing between members of the clutches, a lever pivoted intermediate of its ends and engaging the slidable members of the clutches, an operating. lever, and a link connecting the operating lever with the first named lever. r

4. An aerial vessel provided with sustaining planes each formed of two sections, the sections being pivoted at one edge and adapted to swing from normal horizontal position into vertical position, a safety propeller disposed horizontally above the said sustaining planes and having its axis approximately at the center of gravity of the aerial vessel, a motor, a driving propeller driven from the said motor, and a connection under the control of the pilot and adapted to connect the safety propeller with the driving propeller to rotate the latter from the safety propeller in case the motor sto' s.

5 An aerial vessel rovided with upper andlower sustaining p lanes each formed of two sections, the sections being pivoted at one edge and adapted to swing from normal horizontal position into vertical position, a

safety propeller disposed horizontally above the said sustaining planes and having its axis approximately at the center of gravity of the aerial vessel, a motor having a shaft, a driving propeller having a shaft, a clutch connecting the said motor shaft with the said driving propeller shaft, clutch shifting means under the control of the pilot, and a driving connection between the said safety propeller and the said driving propeller to rotate the latter from the safety propeller.

6. An aerial vessel provided with sustaining planes each formed of pivoted sections adapted to swing from normal horizontal posltion into vertical position, a safety propeller disposed horizontally above the said sustaining planes and having its axis approximately at the center of gravity of the aerial vessel, a motor having a shaft, a driving propeller having a shaft, 'a clutch connecting the said motorshaft with the said driving ropeller shaft, clutch shifting means un der the control of the pilot, and a driving connection between the said safety propeller and the said driving propeller to rotate the latter from the safety propeller,

the said driving connection having a clutch controlled by the said clutch shifting means.

7 An aeroplane provided with sustaining planes each made in two sections, each pmoted at one side of the center to swing from normal horizontal position to vertical position or to any intermediate position,-the free inner ends of the sections of a sustaining plane abutting each other when the said plane is in horizontal position.

8. In an aeroplane, sustaining planes each made in two sections, the sections being pivoted adjacent their outer edges to swing toward each other with their free inner ends abutting when in a horizontal position, and means for operating the sections.

ALEXANDER DEA'K JOSEPH DEAK. 

